What you're concerned with is piston speed in feet per minute. The generally accepted limit for cast crank, rods and pistons is 3,500 fpm. For a 327 with its 3.25"stroke, this would equal 6,460 rpm's. For a 350 with 3.480"stroke, 6,030 rpm's, for a 383 with 3.750"stroke, 5,600 rpm's. Use this calculator to play with different combinations....
http://www.csgnetwork.com/pistonspeedcalc.html

With more heavy-duty components such as forged crank, rods and pistons, a motor might tolerate 4,000 fpm.

Of course there are racing situations where these limits are breached, but the motor is not normally held at these high rpm levels for an extended period of time.